The "first generation" of fluoroquinolones and beyond...

1960

1970

1980

• Nalidixic acid

• Oxolinic acid

• Cinoxacin

• Pipemidic acid

• Norfloxacin

• Pefloxacin

• Ofloxacin

• Ciprofloxacin

• Fleroxacin

• Rufloxacin

improved

anti Gram (-)

activity

t1/2 activity

3-4 h ++

11 h +

6 h ++

3-4 h +++

• Levofloxacin

6 h ++++

twice

as active as

ofloxacin per g

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