Antibiotic transporters : discovery
Plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistance in Escherichia coli involves increased efflux of the antibiotic. Ball-PR; Shales-SW; Chopra-I. Biochem-Biophys-Res-Commun. 1980 Mar 13; 93(1): 74-81
Active efflux of tetracycline encoded by four genetically different tetracycline resistance determinants in Escherichia coli. McMurry-L; Petrucci-RE Jr; Levy-SB. Proc-Natl-Acad-Sci-U-S-A. 1980 Jul; 77(7): 3974-7
This decrease in accumulation was attributable to an active efflux, because everted (inside-out) membrane vesicles made from tetracycline-induced E. coli cells containing any one of the four plasmids were shown to concentrate tetracycline by an active influx. … Active export of tetracycline is a common component of the mechanism for tetracycline resistance encoded by different plasmid-borne determinants in bacteria.