Glycopeptides and glycodepsipeptides in clinical developement:
a comparative of their
antibacterial spectrum, pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy.
Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs (2006) 7:740-749
Françoise Van Bambeke
Université catholique de Louvain, Unité de Pharmacologie cellulaire
et moléculaire
UCL7370 avenue E. mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, belgium
Hemisynthetic derivatives of glycopeptides have demonstrated bectericidal activity
towards
Gram-positive bacteria, including vancomycin-resistant strains (oritavancin
and telavancin),
and a prolonged half-life, allowing for once-daily (oritavancin and telavancin)
or one-weekly
(dalbavancin) administration. These compounds have proved effective for the
treatment of
infections caused by multi-resistant Gram-poistive bacteria, including complicated
skin and
skin structure infections (oritavancin, telavancin, and dalbavancin), bacteremia
(oritavancin
and dalbavancin) and nosocomial pneumonia. This review compares the antibacterial
activity
and clinical activity of three glycopeptides, oritavancin, telavancin and dalbavancin,
and
the natural lipoglycopeptide ramoplanin, which, being unstable in the bloodstream,
is administered
orally to treat Clostridium difficile colitis and for digestive tract
decontamination. All these
compounds, with the exception of oritavancin, have received Fast Track designation
from
the FDA because fo their clinical efficacy.
Keywords: Dalbavancin, MRSA, oritavancin, ramoplanin, telavancin, VRE